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Iznik was one of the greatest centers of tile-making in the Ottoman period. You can view the oldest tiles in the minaret of the Iznik Green Mosque which was built in 1391. Tile-making began in Iznik in the period from early 15th century and grew rapidly in the city. Because of this reason is called Iznik Cinili (tile) Iznik. In 17th Century Evliya Celebi (One of the famous Turkish traveler) mentioned that in his notes, in nine districts of the city are the people with the money they earn to tiles and pots, and more than 340 tile kilns in the city. In Ottoman Boxes used for the interior architecture of the buildings were in 9.5 in x 9.5 in 0.5-1 size and girth. In the tile-making Selcuklu (An old Turkish government) were used style with small changes in the Ottoman period. Iznik Cini and art ceramics become important especially in the 16th century. The reason for this event is related to the increase in construction of buildings in the same century. In tile occurring in the first half of the 16th century that the bottom was white, flowers, and rum (a collage that is composed of leaves) were in blue and yellow. After the second half of 16th century is important to see an improvement in color and quality of tile designs. Rose, dianthus, tulip, peony, hyacinth, pomegranate flower, plum blossom and some other flowers had begun to be treated on the tiles with a very detailed after this period. Coral red tiles shown in later 1557 gives more beauty to the tiles. This color can be seen as a layer highlighted in the tiles. Tomato, red coral and disappear suddenly in the 17th century. There is no obvious reason in that, but who knows may be this color expert took the secret of this color to his grave. Golden Road in the harem of Topkapi Saray, Niche Suleymaniye Mosque, the Rustem Pascha Mosque and Tomb and Mosque Sokullu Mehmet Pascha are some usage examples of Iznik tiles in the 16th century. In this century tulip is the flower used in the tiles.
A mosaic of the 16th century, Iznik
In the first quarter of the 17th century can not be seen a stagnation in Iznik Tile Art The figures began to dissolve, the colors started to mingle with each other. Strain red disappears, which is used for tulips and flowers of Dianthus in the period of late 16th century. The red color comes in place of Red Coral. In pictures of this century becomes white, greens become blues, turquoise, green becomes. Trees and flowers are displayed as they grow from the ground tile 16th century but in the 17th century paintings that are displayed as they grow in pots. Century 17 is not a good century of tile-making, but some specific promotion of the arts who have wonderful tile. Sultan Ahmed Mosque, Revan and Mansions Baghdat and Sunnet room in Topkapi Saray can be given as a forum for these buildings. This decrease in Iznik tiles is probably related to declining Ottoman Empire. Because of wars, internal and external problems, society couldnÂ't give the necessary importance in art. Unable to see the activity of 16th century art in the 17th century. Architecture began to decline due to financial problems, resulting in a mosaic decision approaches the stop. Tile factories began closing one by one, due to financial problems. You could say that tile-making completely stopped in 1716. In the III. Ahmed Library, which was built in 1719, the paintings were deciphered by Kara Mustafa Pascha Mansion in Istanbul. In the 18th century vizier III. Ahmed, Nevsehirli Damat Ibrahim Pascha Iznik Tile Experts gathered and opened a new tile factory in Tekfur Palace in Istanbul. But couldnÂ't produce qualified cadres as occurred in recent centuries. In these pictures the background is light blue dirty, the grounds are green-blue, red and yellow distort and glazes. After some time this factory stopped and the Ottoman Empire began to import tiles from Vienna and Italy.
When we look today, there are some investigations in recent Iznik Tiles years. In some excavations archological some ovens are in the city of Iznik. Major problem in this research is the financial problem. Another problem in production Iznik tiles in it, producers are not using the exact form of the production of Iznik tiles. They are using methods from the city of Kutahya when they occur tables. It would be better to solve these problems and to keep alive real Iznik tiles.
Emrah SAGLIK
You’ll Disappear – The Phenomenal Handclap Band / Week 4 – Ended
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